Pfalz

From Wings of Linen

Pfalz Flugzeug-Werke of Speyer/Rhein was founded by the Everbusch brothers with backing from the Bavarian government, in order to assure some native supply of aircraft.[1] The Pfalz factory was established in Speyer, near Mannheim, in July 1913.[2] Their first plane was a licensed Otto Pusher Biplane. But they soon moved on to building licensed Morane-Saulnier derivatives in the form of the A and E-class planes. Later in the war, given experience building L.F.G. licensed planes, Pfalz developed their own designs. Throughout the war their planes were used heavily by Bavarian Jastas, but other pilots tended to prefer planes from Fokker and Albatros.

Aircraft from the Great War or shortly thereafter include:

References

Notes
  1. ↑ The P59 Halb Parasol was an experimental design moving the parasol wing down to the pilot's eye level for better sight lines above, but it never got beyond a prototype.[3]
  2. ↑ The E.VI was an improved version of the E.II, but it came out so late that the 20 aircraft ordered were only used as trainers.[4]
  3. ↑ A two-wing version of the parasol was attempted in 1915, but it was found to be lacking.[5]
  4. ↑ The Pfalz C.I was actually a license-built Rumpler C.IV and later would have been designated the Rumpler C.IV(Pfal).[6]
  5. ↑ The D 4 -- a factory designation -- was an ungainly prototype from 1916 that fell far short of its contemporaries and was abandoned.[7]
  6. ↑ Pfalz D.I was the original name for 20 license-built L.F.G. Roland D.Is, before the parenthesized nomenclature for license-built machines became standard. Pfalz applied many of the same construction techniques to the Pfalz D.III.[8]
  7. ↑ Pfalz D.II was the original name for the L.F.G. Roland D.II(Pfal).
  8. ↑ Pfalz D.IIa was the original name for the L.F.G. Roland D.IIa(Pfal). Around 160-200 D.II and D.IIa's were built by Pfalz.[9]
  9. ↑ The D.IV was probably an experiment using a 195hp Benz Bz.IIIb engine in a D.III airframe.[10]
  10. ↑ The D.V was probably an experiment using a 200hp Adler Ad.IV eight-cylinder engine in a D.III airframe.[10]
  11. ↑ The D.VI was a 110hp Oberursel U.II-engined prototype that took part in the first D-type competitions.[11] The more-powerful D.VII drew more attention at that competition.[12]
  12. ↑ Two versions of the D.VII -- one with the Siemens-Halske Sh.III and another with the Oberursel U.III -- were tested but did not enter production.[13] The similar D.VIII was favored because its two-bay wings were found to be stronger.[14] Fifteen D.VIIs were found in storage after the war, but it is not clear whether the type ever saw service use.[14]
  13. ↑ The D.XI, X, and XI were probably one-off prototypes, but documentation is scant. The D.X was probably a 1918 parasol.[15]
  14. ↑ The D.XIII was probably a single-bay prototype similar to the two-bay D.XIV.[16]
  15. ↑ The D.XIV was a D.XII of somewhat larger proportions and used the 200hp Benz Bz.IVü engine. It did not enter production.[17]
  16. ↑ The Dr.II and IIa were smaller triplane prototypes using the 110hp Oberursel Or.II and 110hp Siemens-Halske Sh.I engines, respectively.[18]
Citations
  1. ↑ Gray'65, p.183.
  2. ↑ Gray'65, p.4.
  3. ↑ Herris'12, p.27.
  4. ↑ Herris'12, pp.58-59.
  5. ↑ Herris'12, p.28.
  6. ↑ Gray'65, p.508.
  7. ↑ Herris'12, pp.60-61.
  8. ↑ Grosz'94, p.2.
  9. ↑ Grosz'94, p.36.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Herris'12, p.133.
  11. ↑ Gray'65, p.500.
  12. ↑ Herris'12, p.144.
  13. ↑ Gray'65, p.501.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Herris'12, p.147.
  15. ↑ Herris'12, p.166.
  16. ↑ Herris'12, p.205.
  17. ↑ Gray'65, p.505.
  18. ↑ Herris'12, p.143.
Bibliography
  • Peter Gray and Owen Thetford. German Aircraft of the First World War. Great Britain, Putnam, 1962, 1987. ISBN 0-85177-809-7.
  • Jack Herris, Pfalz Aircraft of WWI. USA: Aeronaut Books, 2012. ISBN 978-1-935881-12-4
  • Peter L. Gray, Profile Publications 43: The Pfalz D.III. Great Britain: Profile Publications Ltd, 1965.
  • P M Grosz, Windsock Datafile 47: LFG Roland D.II. Great Britain: Albatros Publications, Ltd., 1994. ISBN 0-948414-62-6
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