Breguet 14

From Wings of Linen
Breguet 14
Role Bomber/Reconnaissance
Manufacturer Breguet
Designer Louis Breguet
First flight 21 Nov 1916 [1][2][3]
Introduction Aug 1917 [1]
Primary users France
U.S.A.
Belgium
Greece
Serbia
Number built ~2200 ordered [1] to 5300 ordered[3] to 5500 ordered[2][4][note 1]
Wingspan see table
Propeller Diam. 2.94 m (9 ft 8 in)[5]
Engine 300hp Renault 12Fcx[note 2] or
300hp Fiat A-12bis[note 3]
Armament fixed sync. Vickers[note 4] and
1-2× rear flexible Lewis[note 5]
bombs: see table
Crew 2
Max Speed see table
Climb see table
Ceiling see table
Endurance 2:45 [9][10][11][4] to 3:00[12][3] to 4:30[8]

After producing several designs that were behind the times, Louis Breguet discarded all previous design decisions and designed a two-seater suited to combat on the Western Front, the Breguet 14. The fuselage was made of light and strong duralumin longerons and spacers bolted onto welded steel fittings, and the wings used duralumin spars and wooden ribs, making the plane quite strong. Ailerons were fitted only to the upper wing (which had slight dihedral). They were originally unbalanced but in later production horn-balanced ailerons were fitted.

Two varieties existed with minor differences between them: the Breguet 14A2 was the reconnaissance version (originally designated the Breguet 13), and the 14B2 was the bomber version. Both versions proved to be excellent aircraft, and the Breguet 14 was built in large numbers by several manufacturers.

Early Breguet 14B2's were fitted with bungee-controlled flaps on the lower wings to help with low-speed landings, but these were abandoned in later production runs.[13]

During the war Belgium equipped three escadrilles with Breguet 14s; Greece two squadrons; Serbia three squadrons. 1,500 were promised to the Americans, but only 290[1] to 376[2][14] had been delivered by the Armistice. Their use started in June 1918 with the 96th Aero Squadron. The Americans received 229 A2s (of which 90 were Fiat-powered), 47 B2s, and 100 E2 trainers.[14]

The Breguet 14 served well into the 1920s and they were used by many more countries after the war as well as in the Russian Civil War.[1]

In later production models, to reduce losses, the pilots' seats were armored, and the bombers were frequently escorted by Caudron R.11's.[15]


VariantWingspanSpeedClimbCeilingBomb Load
Breguet 14A2 14.0 m (46 ft)[12] to
14.36 m (47 ft 1 in)[3][5][note 6] to
14.86 m (48 ft 9 in)[5][note 7]		 175 km/h (109 mph)[4] to
177 km/h (110 mph)[10][11] to
184 km/h (114 mph)[9] to
190 km/h (118 mph)[8] to
192 km/h (119 mph)[3]		 2,000 m (6,560 ft) in 6:50[9][4]
3,000 m (9,840 ft) in 11:35[9][4]
5,000 m (16,400 ft) in 21:45[3]-22:00[8]-29:30[9][4]		 5,800 m (19,000 ft)[10][11] to
6,100 m (20,000 ft)[9][3][8]		 4×120mm bombs[5]
~32 kg (71 lb) total[5]
Breguet 14B2 14.36 m (47 ft 1 in) [12][11][5][note 6] to
14.4 m (47 ft 3 in)[8] to
14.86 m (48 ft 9 in)[5][note 7]		 166 km/h (103 mph)[3] to
180 km/h (110 mph)[4] to
185 km/h (115 mph)[8]		 2,000 m (6,560 ft) in 9:15[4]
3,000 m (10,000 ft) in 16:30[4]-34:35[12]
4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 26:00[3]-51:50[12]
5,000 m (16,400 ft) in 47:00[4][8]-47:30[3]		 4,400 m (14,500 ft)[12] to
5,800 m (18,900 ft)[8] to
5,800 m (19,000 ft)[4]		 32×115mm bombs or equivalent[5]
240 kg (520 lb)[12][5]-300 kg (660 lb)[11][8]

For more information, see Wikipedia:Breguet 14.

Timeline [note 8]

Game Data

Wings of Glory

Official Stats
Version Availability Maneuver Damage Dmg Points Max Alt. Climb Points
A2 Vickers + 2×Lewis Aug17-end K B/A 17 14 3 114
A2 Vickers + Lewis K B/B 17 14 3 94
A2 Vickers&Lewis + 2×Lewis K A/A 17 14 3 134
B2 Vickers + 2×Lewis K B/A 17 12 3 110
B2 Vickers + Lewis K B/B 17 12 3 90
B2 Vickers&Lewis + 2×Lewis K A/A 17 12 3 130
Card Links

Blue Max/Canvas Eagles

Aircraft Chart

Miniatures and Models

1:144 Scale

1:285/6mm/1:288 Scale

1:300 Scale

1:350 Scale

1:500 Scale

1:600 Scale

1:700 Scale

Resources

Orthographic Drawings

  • Early-model 14A2

    Early-model 14A2

  • Late-model 14A2

    Late-model 14A2

  • Early-model 14B2

    Early-model 14B2

  • Late-model 14B2

    Late-model 14B2

References

Notes
  1. ↑ The Breguet 14 had a long post-war life and over 8,000 were built by the end of production in 1926.[4]
  2. ↑ Some in the second half of 1918 used the 350hp Renault 12Ff engine.[6]
  3. ↑ Due to shortages of the Renault engines, Fiat engines were used on planes delivered to the Belgian and American air forces.[7]
  4. ↑ On some planes the Vickers was replaced or perhaps supplemented by a top-wing Lewis.[5]
  5. ↑ Twin Lewis was most common. On some planes a Lewis was added behind the observer firing down through the fuselage floor[5]. Some may have used Hotchkiss guns.[8]
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 With original ailerons.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 With balanced ailerons.
  8. ↑ Plane counts are approximate and based of escadrille usage in Davilla'97.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Updated card
Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Davilla, p.101.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Angelucci, p.78.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Ferry'14, p.120.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 Bruce'67, p.16.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 Bruce'67, p.14.
  6. ↑ Bruce'67, p.8.
  7. ↑ Bruce'67, p.9.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 Argus Vol. 1, p.42.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Davilla, p.124.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Munson, p.65.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Angelucci, p.71.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Lamberton, pp.216-218.
  13. ↑ Bruce'67, p.6.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Bruce'67, p.11.
  15. ↑ Lamberton, p.72.
Bibliography
  • Enzo Angelucci, ed. The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, 1914-1980. New York: The Military Press, 1983 edition. ISBN 0-517-41021-4.
  • Argus Books, Airplane Archive: Aircraft of World War One, Volume 1. Great Britain: Argus Books, 1989. ISBN 0-85242-983-5
  • J.M. Bruce and Jean Noel, Profile Publications 157: The Breguet 14. Great Britain: Profile Publications Ltd., 1967.
  • Dr. James J. Davilla and Arthur M. Soltan. French Aircraft of the First World War. Flying Machines Press, 1997. ISBN 0-9637110-4-0.
  • Vital Ferry. French Aviation During the First World War. Paris: Histoire and Collections, 2014. ISBN 978-2-35250-370-5
  • W.M. Lamberton and E.F. Cheesman, Reconnaissance & Bomber Aircraft of the 1914-1918 War. Great Britain: Harleyford Publications Ltd., 1962. ISBN 9780900435027
  • Kenneth Munson, Bombers: Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft, 1914-1919. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1968, Blandford Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0753721711
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